高清監控系統輔助變電站發展方向
國內的(de)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)研究(jiu)(jiu)起步較晚(wan),但(dan)發(fa)展迅速(su),這得(de)益于中(zhong)國經濟(ji)社會(hui)的(de)快速(su)發(fa)展對電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)建設(she)(she)的(de)巨大(da)需求和(he)推(tui)動作(zuo)用(yong)。進(jin)(jin)入21世(shi)紀以(yi)來,科學技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)發(fa)展日新月異,數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)成了當今世(shi)界(jie)科技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)展的(de)前(qian)沿技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu),隨(sui)著(zhu)我國智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣的(de)不(bu)斷發(fa)展,尤其是電(dian)(dian)(dian)子式互感器和(he)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)開關等機電(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)體化(hua)設(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)出現、現代計(ji)算機高(gao)速(su)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)在(zai)(zai)實時系統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)開發(fa)利用(yong)以(yi)及變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)運(yun)行操(cao)作(zuo)培訓仿真(zhen)等技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)日趨成熟等,變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)入了數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)的(de)新階段。中(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)科院和(he)各(ge)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力設(she)(she)備(bei)制造企業從一(yi)(yi)(yi)開始就(jiu)高(gao)度關注(zhu)IEC61850標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)和(he)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)系統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)應用(yong),并在(zai)(zai)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)研究(jiu)(jiu)中(zhong)取得(de)了顯著(zhu)成果。2009年,國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)公司(si)提出了立足自(zi)(zi)主創新,以(yi)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)規劃、統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)、統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)建設(she)(she)為原則,建設(she)(she)以(yi)特(te)高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)為骨(gu)干網(wang)(wang)(wang)架,各(ge)級電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)協(xie)調(diao)發(fa)展,具(ju)有信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)、自(zi)(zi)動化(hua)、互動化(hua)特(te)征的(de)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)堅強(qiang)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)發(fa)展目標(biao),智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)作(zuo)為統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)堅強(qiang)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)重(zhong)要基礎和(he)節(jie)點支撐,是必不(bu)可(ke)少的(de)建設(she)(she)內容(rong)。
2005年“智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(SmartGrids)歐(ou)(ou)洲(zhou)(zhou)技(ji)術論壇”正式成立,并提(ti)出了(le)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)概念,其目(mu)(mu)標是將當前(qian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)轉換成運營者和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力用戶(hu)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)實現互動的(de)服務網(wang)(wang),以提(ti)高歐(ou)(ou)洲(zhou)(zhou)輸配電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)的(de)可(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)、安全性(xing)(xing)及工作效率,并為分布(bu)(bu)(bu)式和(he)可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)源發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)大(da)規(gui)(gui)模整合提(ti)供保(bao)障。2007年,歐(ou)(ou)洲(zhou)(zhou)委員會發(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)第七框(kuang)架(jia)計劃中能(neng)(neng)源子項目(mu)(mu)就包(bao)括智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)建設、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)能(neng)(neng)源網(wang)(wang)絡等(deng),該計劃的(de)發(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)(bu)進一步促進了(le)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)在歐(ou)(ou)洲(zhou)(zhou)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。2008年底,歐(ou)(ou)洲(zhou)(zhou)公用事(shi)業電(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)聯(lian)合會發(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)(bu)了(le)一份名為“智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)—構(gou)建戰略性(xing)(xing)技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)劃藍(lan)圖”的(de)報(bao)告,以幫助公用事(shi)業公司做好(hao)(hao)充分地(di)規(gui)(gui)劃準(zhun)備工作,進而更(geng)好(hao)(hao)地(di)制(zhi)定(ding)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃,實現智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)目(mu)(mu)標。
根據國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)的智能(neng)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)“十二(er)五”規劃(hua)(hua),“十二(er)五”期間,國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)計劃(hua)(hua)投資(zi)1.6萬億(yi)(yi)元建設(she)(she)(she)智能(neng)電(dian)(dian)網(wang),按(an)照智能(neng)變電(dian)(dian)環節占比約(yue)20%份額(e)計算,智能(neng)變電(dian)(dian)環節投資(zi)額(e)度將(jiang)達到3200億(yi)(yi)元。智能(neng)化變電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)對電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)行業影響(xiang)巨大(da),且以(yi)IEC61850標(biao)準(zhun)為紐帶(dai)將(jiang)促進一次(ci)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)和二(er)次(ci)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)企業的相互合作與滲透。未來智能(neng)化變電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)將(jiang)實現一次(ci)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的智能(neng)化和二(er)次(ci)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的信(xin)(xin)息化,通(tong)過在(zai)變電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的站(zhan)控層、間隔層以(yi)及過程層采用(yong)全(quan)面的標(biao)準(zhun)IEC61850通(tong)信(xin)(xin)協議,避免設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的重復(fu)投入。
目前很(hen)多變電(dian)站的(de)視頻監控、環境監測、安全(quan)防(fang)范、消防(fang)報警、門禁等輔(fu)(fu)助子系(xi)統(tong)(tong),大(da)多還獨立(li)運行,通過不同通道上傳(chuan)數據,甚至每(mei)套系(xi)統(tong)(tong)都(dou)配有(you)獨立(li)的(de)管(guan)理(li)人員,很(hen)難做(zuo)到(dao)多系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)綜合監控、集中(zhong)管(guan)理(li),無(wu)形中(zhong)降低(di)了(le)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)集成度(du)和可用性,增加了(le)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)管(guan)理(li)成本。通過本項目的(de)研發,將最大(da)限(xian)度(du)地挖掘(jue)現有(you)輔(fu)(fu)助系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)潛力、節約成本、提高(gao)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)效率。
智(zhi)能(neng)變(bian)(bian)電站輔助綜合(he)監(jian)控系統(tong)將智(zhi)能(neng)變(bian)(bian)電站的(de)視頻(pin)監(jian)控、環境監(jian)測、安全防范、消防報警、門禁等輔助子系統(tong)進(jin)行整合(he),實(shi)現綜合(he)監(jian)控和(he)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)集成聯動,并降低(di)智(zhi)能(neng)變(bian)(bian)電站的(de)綜合(he)管理成本。
智能變(bian)電站視(shi)頻及輔助監(jian)控系(xi)統(tong)的發(fa)展(zhan)
安防視(shi)頻監(jian)控(kong)(kong)技術(shu)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)行業很早就得到了應(ying)用(yong),其主要原(yuan)因是輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中(zhong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)地(di)理位置較分散,在(zai)幾百甚(shen)至(zhi)上千平方公里內星羅棋布,迫切需要聯網(wang)視(shi)頻監(jian)控(kong)(kong)。利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)2M專用(yong)通信線(xian)路(lu)可(ke)以較為(wei)(wei)方便地(di)進行視(shi)頻監(jian)控(kong)(kong)組網(wang),早期的變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)網(wang)絡視(shi)頻監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)又可(ke)稱為(wei)(wei):變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)遠程圖像監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(遙(yao)(yao)視(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong))。經過(guo)若干年的發展,變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)遙(yao)(yao)視(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)不僅僅局限于(yu)網(wang)絡視(shi)頻監(jian)控(kong)(kong)應(ying)用(yong),將變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)周界防范、環境監(jian)控(kong)(kong)、燈光控(kong)(kong)制、門禁控(kong)(kong)制、消(xiao)防聯動等應(ying)用(yong)一體(ti)化整合,按照智能變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)發展趨勢,向智能變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)輔助(zhu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)不斷演(yan)進發展。南京南自(zi)信息(xi)技術(shu)有(you)限公司自(zi)主設計(ji)研發了變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)遙(yao)(yao)視(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)視(shi)頻及環境監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、智能變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)綜合輔助(zhu)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong),具有(you)完(wan)全的自(zi)主知(zhi)識產權,廣泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)國內電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的近萬個(ge)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(750KV、500KV、220KV、110KV、66KV、35KV各電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等級均(jun)有(you)應(ying)用(yong)案例)。
目前很多(duo)(duo)變電(dian)站的(de)視(shi)頻(pin)監控(kong)、環境監測(ce)、安全防范、消防報警、門(men)禁等(deng)輔助子(zi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong),大多(duo)(duo)還(huan)獨立(li)運行,通過不同通道上傳數據,甚(shen)至每套系(xi)(xi)統(tong)都(dou)配有(you)獨立(li)的(de)管(guan)理人員,很難做到多(duo)(duo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)綜(zong)合監控(kong)、集(ji)中(zhong)管(guan)理,無形中(zhong)降低了(le)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)集(ji)成度和可用(yong)(yong)性,增加了(le)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)管(guan)理成本(ben)。通過智能輔助監控(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)應用(yong)(yong),將(jiang)最(zui)大限度地挖掘現有(you)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)潛(qian)力(li)、節約成本(ben)、提(ti)高系(xi)(xi)統(tong)效率。
變電站的視頻監控(kong)、環境監測、安全防范(fan)等(deng)系統在國內建設發展了很(hen)多年,總體上尚(shang)有一些(xie)需(xu)要解決的問題和挑戰,歸納如(ru)下:
(1)標準化問(wen)題(ti)
國家電(dian)網公(gong)司推(tui)(tui)出(chu)了《智能變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)輔(fu)助系(xi)(xi)統綜合監控平臺技術規(gui)范(fan)》,南方電(dian)網以廣東電(dian)網為代表,推(tui)(tui)出(chu)了《變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)視(shi)頻及(ji)環境監控系(xi)(xi)統技術規(gui)范(fan)》,電(dian)力行(xing)(xing)業的(de)標準(zhun)化相對于安防系(xi)(xi)統的(de)其(qi)他行(xing)(xing)業,是走在前列的(de)。但不(bu)容(rong)忽視(shi)的(de)是,在系(xi)(xi)統互聯互通、設備(bei)互相兼(jian)容(rong)、協議信令一致(zhi)性方面,還(huan)有很長的(de)路要(yao)走。
(2)適應電力系統(tong)應用環境(jing)挑戰問題
變電(dian)站中存(cun)在(zai)強電(dian)磁(ci)場干(gan)擾(rao),對(dui)設備電(dian)磁(ci)兼容性能、外殼防護(hu)等級(ji)均提出了(le)較高要求。
(3)實(shi)用(yong)化問(wen)題(ti)
解決(jue)方案需要(yao)滿足用戶的實用化(hua)需求,符合用戶安全(quan)生產和輔助監控的需要(yao)。
智能變電站(zhan)輔助綜(zong)合監控系統
近幾年來,隨著(zhu)IEC61850標準的(de)應(ying)用和(he)光電(dian)(dian)(dian)互感器的(de)研發和(he)投(tou)入使用,我國智能電(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)發展迅速。數字化(hua)智能變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)概念已在(zai)工程實踐中得到應(ying)用,全國已建(jian)成一定數量(liang)的(de)數字化(hua)智能變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。
數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)(hua)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)使變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)的所(suo)有信(xin)息(xi)(xi)采(cai)集、傳輸、處理(li)、輸出過程由過去的模(mo)擬信(xin)息(xi)(xi)轉(zhuan)換為(wei)數(shu)字信(xin)息(xi)(xi),并建立與之(zhi)相適應的通信(xin)網絡(luo)和(he)系統(tong)。數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)(hua)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)(hua)系統(tong)的結構(gou)(gou)在物理(li)上(shang)可(ke)分為(wei)兩類(lei),即智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的一次設備(bei)和(he)網絡(luo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的二(er)次設備(bei);在邏輯(ji)結構(gou)(gou)上(shang)可(ke)分為(wei)三(san)個(ge)層(ceng)次,根據IEC通信(xin)協議草案定義(yi),這三(san)個(ge)層(ceng)次分別稱為(wei)“過程層(ceng)”、“間隔層(ceng)”、“站(zhan)控層(ceng)”。新型數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)(hua)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)主要由為(wei)全數(shu)字和(he)光纖的信(xin)號采(cai)集系統(tong)、數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)(hua)繼電(dian)保護和(he)綜合自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)(hua)系統(tong)、數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)(hua)視頻及(ji)環境監測(智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)輔助(zhu))系統(tong)構(gou)(gou)成。
智(zhi)(zhi)能變電站綜合(he)輔(fu)助監控平臺主要(yao)在(zai)國家電網(wang)得到(dao)了大(da)規模應用,通常包含7大(da)子(zi)(zi)(zi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong),分(fen)別是(shi)(shi)視頻監控子(zi)(zi)(zi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、環境監測子(zi)(zi)(zi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、智(zhi)(zhi)能控制子(zi)(zi)(zi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、安全(quan)警衛(wei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、門禁(jin)子(zi)(zi)(zi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、消(xiao)防子(zi)(zi)(zi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、四遙聯動子(zi)(zi)(zi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。以(yi)下是(shi)(shi)典型站端(duan)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)拓(tuo)撲結構(gou)圖:
視(shi)頻(pin)監(jian)控子系統(tong)由各種(zhong)攝像(xiang)機、視(shi)頻(pin)處理單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(DVR/DVS/NVR/視(shi)頻(pin)存儲服務器)、三(san)合(he)一(yi)防雷器等組成(cheng);視(shi)頻(pin)監(jian)控子系統(tong)通過站端(duan)處理單(dan)(dan)元(yuan),將模擬(ni)視(shi)頻(pin)、音頻(pin)和數(shu)據(ju)信息壓縮成(cheng)網(wang)絡數(shu)據(ju)包,存在(zai)在(zai)本地存儲單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)中,并可通過綜合(he)監(jian)控平臺的統(tong)一(yi)管理經綜合(he)數(shu)據(ju)網(wang)上傳(chuan)至上級主(zhu)站。另外,智能(neng)分析(xi)功能(neng)能(neng)夠實時(shi)對變電站重點(dian)區域的情況進行(xing)分析(xi),對異常情況進行(xing)跟蹤錄像(xiang),在(zai)有突發(fa)事件發(fa)生時(shi)能(neng)夠迅速(su)通知相關人員。
動(dong)力環(huan)境監測子系統由接入設(she)備、溫濕度傳感(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、SF6探(tan)測器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、風速傳感(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、水浸探(tan)測器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、空調控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、通(tong)信電源接口、風機控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、水泵(beng)控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等組成。
智(zhi)能控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)子系(xi)(xi)統由控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)單元(yuan)、輔助設(she)備(bei)(bei)等組成;智(zhi)能控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統是對站內(nei)的(de)輔助設(she)施進(jin)行集(ji)中智(zhi)能的(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi),包括(kuo)燈(deng)光、通風(feng)、排(pai)水(shui)、空(kong)調(diao)等設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi),各(ge)設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)包括(kuo)本地控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)和軟件控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)兩方面,并能夠(gou)根據(ju)相關系(xi)(xi)統,如(ru)報(bao)警及環境監測系(xi)(xi)統的(de)信息實現聯動控(kong)(kong)制(zhi),如(ru)當室(shi)內(nei)溫(wen)濕(shi)度情況超過(guo)正(zheng)常溫(wen)濕(shi)度范圍的(de)房間,通過(guo)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)房間內(nei)的(de)空(kong)調(diao)、風(feng)機,使房間內(nei)溫(wen)濕(shi)度達到適宜電氣設(she)備(bei)(bei)穩(wen)定高(gao)效運行的(de)狀態,保證室(shi)內(nei)電氣設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)穩(wen)定運行。
安(an)全警(jing)(jing)衛子系(xi)統(tong)由紅外對(dui)(dui)射報(bao)(bao)警(jing)(jing)器、紅外雙鑒報(bao)(bao)警(jing)(jing)器、電子圍欄、按鍵報(bao)(bao)警(jing)(jing)器等組成;安(an)全警(jing)(jing)衛系(xi)統(tong)是對(dui)(dui)視(shi)頻監控子系(xi)統(tong)的(de)有(you)利補(bu)充,能夠對(dui)(dui)入侵變電站的(de)行為起到很好的(de)威懾及(ji)提示(shi)作用。
門(men)禁子(zi)系(xi)統由門(men)禁控制主機、讀卡器(qi)、開門(men)按(an)鈕、電磁力鎖等組成;門(men)禁子(zi)系(xi)統能夠有(you)效地防止了外來人員和(he)不相干人員隨(sui)(sui)便出入(ru)變電站,并且每一(yi)次的刷卡都有(you)記(ji)錄,可(ke)供隨(sui)(sui)時查(cha)看(kan)。
消防(fang)(fang)子(zi)系統由接(jie)入(ru)設(she)備負責與消防(fang)(fang)系統主機通信。
四遙聯動(dong)子(zi)系統實(shi)現與綜(zong)自系統基于遙控操作、事(shi)故(gu)跳閘等事(shi)件的視頻聯動(dong)。
智能電網輔助綜合(he)監控管理(li)平臺(tai)
智能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)輔(fu)助綜合監(jian)控(kong)管理平(ping)臺可對一定區域分布的多(duo)個智能(neng)(neng)變電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)輔(fu)助監(jian)控(kong)系統進行聯網(wang)管理,可支持變電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)—〉集控(kong)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)—〉縣區級平(ping)臺—〉市級平(ping)臺—〉省級平(ping)臺多(duo)級聯網(wang)管理。南自信息(xi)公司(si)自2000年起就(jiu)致力于電(dian)(dian)力行業(ye)(ye)系統軟件(jian)平(ping)臺的研(yan)究(jiu)和開發(fa)工作,針對電(dian)(dian)力行業(ye)(ye)需求開發(fa)了SAS-3000智能(neng)(neng)變電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)輔(fu)助系統平(ping)臺軟件(jian),并成功應用(yong)于國(guo)內多(duo)個電(dian)(dian)力系統項目中。
國際電工技(ji)術(shu)委員會IEC定義的兩個系列標準IEC61968和IEC61970定義了一種電力系統通用(yong)信(xin)(xin)息模型CIM和組件(jian)接口規范CIS。CIM現(xian)在已經(jing)比較成熟,在實時數據(ju)應用(yong)中得(de)到了廣泛應用(yong)。國內電力行業在相關技(ji)術(shu)規范中已對視(shi)頻及環境監控系統平臺間互(hu)聯規范做出(chu)明確而(er)詳細(xi)的描述,面向SOA架構,采用(yong)SIP+XML協議進行互(hu)聯通信(xin)(xin)。
SAS-3000智能變電站(zhan)輔助綜合監控(kong)平臺軟(ruan)件(jian)系統架構(gou)
SAS-3000智能變電站輔(fu)助(zhu)綜合(he)監(jian)控平臺軟件由南自(zi)信(xin)息技術有限公(gong)司完(wan)全自(zi)主(zhu)研(yan)發,按照五層(ceng)體(ti)系結(jie)構(gou)劃分為(wei)(wei)平臺支撐(cheng)層(ceng)、中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)層(ceng)、公(gong)共(gong)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)層(ceng)、應(ying)用(yong)層(ceng)。平臺支撐(cheng)層(ceng)由操作系統(tong)平臺、關(guan)系型(xing)數據庫、網絡通信(xin)協議構(gou)成。中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)層(ceng)主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)(wei)系統(tong)使用(yong)的各類中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)件,包括(kuo)數據訪問中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)件、對象代(dai)理中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)件、消息中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)件。公(gong)共(gong)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)層(ceng)由系統(tong)提供的各類公(gong)共(gong)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)構(gou)成,其中(zhong)包括(kuo)圖形、報表、曲線、權(quan)限、告警、流(liu)媒(mei)體(ti)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)等(deng)。服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)構(gou)建層(ceng)提供一致(zhi)的服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)模型(xing)給上層(ceng)應(ying)用(yong),主(zhu)要(yao)表現為(wei)(wei)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)接(jie)口(kou)、服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)注冊、服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)查(cha)找、服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)訪問。應(ying)用(yong)層(ceng)主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)(wei)面向在(zai)線監(jian)測、視(shi)頻監(jian)控、環境監(jian)控、綜合(he)信(xin)息查(cha)詢顯示(shi)的各種(zhong)應(ying)用(yong)模塊,其中(zhong)涉及采集、計算、查(cha)詢、分析、流(liu)媒(mei)體(ti)功(gong)能及相關(guan)人機交互(hu)界面。
圖3系統(tong)平臺架構體系圖
SAS-3000智能(neng)變電站輔(fu)助綜(zong)合監控平臺(tai)軟(ruan)件(jian)功能(neng)特點
跨區(qu)域(yu)異構平(ping)臺級聯
綜合信息(xi)全景(jing)視(shi)圖
全組態化設計
變電站及輸電線(xian)路三維建模
變電站全景(jing)高清(qing)視頻監視
遠(yuan)程移動監控桌面
視(shi)頻(pin)監視(shi)與變電站巡檢(jian)結合(he)
基于設備熱區(qu)的展示與(yu)選擇
基于一次接線圖的設備選擇(ze)及視頻聯動(dong)
內建插件機制
高清視頻的圖像矯正與虛擬云臺(tai)技術(shu)
關(guan)鍵技術趨勢(shi)
1)基(ji)于IEC61850標準實現系統(tong)互聯
系(xi)統(tong)(tong)采用IEC61850標準實現(xian)與第三(san)方平臺對接,通(tong)過該標準采集(ji)第三(san)方廠家設備的(de)相關信息(xi)(xi),并將采集(ji)到(dao)的(de)信息(xi)(xi)上報(bao)給系(xi)統(tong)(tong)平臺或者其他廠家的(de)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)平臺。這樣大大提升智能變(bian)電站(zhan)(zhan)輔助(zhu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)與第三(san)方平臺接入能力,有(you)利于(yu)智能變(bian)電站(zhan)(zhan)輔助(zhu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)在變(bian)電站(zhan)(zhan)實施部(bu)署。
2)圖形的組態化設計
系(xi)統(tong)提(ti)供(gong)快(kuai)速(su)構建控制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控功能的(de)(de)(de)、通用(yong)層(ceng)(ceng)次的(de)(de)(de)軟件(jian)(jian)工具,處在自動控制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控層(ceng)(ceng)一級的(de)(de)(de)軟件(jian)(jian)平臺(tai)和(he)(he)開發環境(jing)(jing),使用(yong)靈活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)組(zu)態方式提(ti)供(gong)良好的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)戶開發界面(mian)和(he)(he)簡捷(jie)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)方法,其預置的(de)(de)(de)各種軟件(jian)(jian)模塊可(ke)(ke)以非常容易(yi)地(di)實(shi)(shi)現和(he)(he)完成監(jian)(jian)(jian)控層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)各項(xiang)功能。系(xi)統(tong)提(ti)供(gong)了完整而(er)豐富的(de)(de)(de)電力、環境(jing)(jing)、安防等專業圖(tu)(tu)元庫,系(xi)統(tong)使用(yong)者可(ke)(ke)按需(xu)要(yao)從數(shu)(shu)據庫中(zhong)抽(chou)取數(shu)(shu)據,產(chan)生所需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)功能報表、歷史曲線(xian)(xian)、實(shi)(shi)時(shi)曲線(xian)(xian)等查(cha)詢視(shi)圖(tu)(tu),支(zhi)持(chi)對(dui)(dui)實(shi)(shi)時(shi)視(shi)頻、錄像(xiang)、系(xi)統(tong)對(dui)(dui)象列表、數(shu)(shu)據點、曲線(xian)(xian)等多種數(shu)(shu)據源自由組(zu)合,實(shi)(shi)現界面(mian)定制(zhi)化,支(zhi)持(chi)對(dui)(dui)現有(you)一次接線(xian)(xian)圖(tu)(tu)、平面(mian)圖(tu)(tu)等圖(tu)(tu)像(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)導(dao)入、導(dao)出功能,支(zhi)持(chi)多種矢量圖(tu)(tu)形及柵格圖(tu)(tu)像(xiang)格式。
3)內建標準SIP和(he)RTSP協議支持,實現跨區域多級異構系統互聯
SIP協議(yi)是一種信令控制協議(yi),通過在監(jian)(jian)控終(zhong)端中(zhong)增加(jia)對SIP協議(yi)的支(zhi)持(chi),使得(de)任何(he)支(zhi)持(chi)SIP協議(yi)的終(zhong)端都可以加(jia)入到系統中(zhong)獲得(de)監(jian)(jian)控信息。這樣就可以形成一個開放(fang)的監(jian)(jian)控系統,實現隨(sui)時隨(sui)地地視頻監(jian)(jian)控。
RTSP是用來控(kong)制(zhi)聲音或影像的多(duo)媒(mei)體串(chuan)流協議,允許同時多(duo)個串(chuan)流需求控(kong)制(zhi),并供了(le)一個可(ke)擴(kuo)展框架,使實時數(shu)據的受控(kong)、點播成為可(ke)能。
SIP和RTSP協議都是國際標準(zhun)的應用層協議,支持(chi)這兩(liang)種協議,使得涉及多級(ji)區(qu)域間不同廠(chang)家(jia)異常系統的互(hu)聯互(hu)通成為了可能(neng)。
4)系統(tong)插(cha)(cha)件機制,實現對不同類型設備的即插(cha)(cha)即用
通過軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)插(cha)(cha)件(jian)(jian)機制,定義(yi)了對(dui)監控設(she)備(bei)(bei)接(jie)入的(de)(de)統(tong)一接(jie)口(kou)規范(fan),實現(xian)對(dui)編碼設(she)備(bei)(bei)、攝像機、門(men)禁、數據采集模塊、輔助設(she)備(bei)(bei)等多種(zhong)類型設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)即(ji)插(cha)(cha)即(ji)用(yong)功能,可(ke)以實現(xian)在(zai)不(bu)修(xiu)改平(ping)臺軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)代碼、只配(pei)置設(she)備(bei)(bei)參數的(de)(de)前提下完成對(dui)新(xin)設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)接(jie)入。這(zhe)樣不(bu)但廠家自身可(ke)以實現(xian)基于設(she)備(bei)(bei)統(tong)一接(jie)口(kou)規范(fan)的(de)(de)插(cha)(cha)件(jian)(jian)實現(xian),第三方(fang)廠家也可(ke)以根據提供的(de)(de)設(she)備(bei)(bei)統(tong)一接(jie)口(kou)規范(fan)獨立實現(xian)插(cha)(cha)件(jian)(jian),并接(jie)入到系統(tong)中(zhong)。
結束語
目前國內(nei)在(zai)智能變(bian)電站輔(fu)助系(xi)統方面的研究主要是從不同(tong)廠商從所擅長(chang)領域切(qie)入(ru),以自(zi)身特(te)長(chang)為重(zhong)點研發(fa),在(zai)標準化、系(xi)統一(yi)體化集成聯動、實(shi)用(yong)性等(deng)方面均有所不足。
因此,南自信息通過(guo)多年對變電站視頻監控、安全防(fang)范(fan)、環境(jing)監測、門禁管理(li)、消(xiao)防(fang)聯動的研發積累和理(li)解(jie),將進一步(bu)推動智能變電站輔(fu)助系統(tong)標(biao)準化和集成度(du),提(ti)高系統(tong)實用性。
隨著IEC-61850標準的推(tui)廣應用,智能(neng)(neng)(neng)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)概念已在工程(cheng)中(zhong)獲廣泛實(shi)踐,全國已建成一定(ding)數量的智能(neng)(neng)(neng)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)。同時我國智能(neng)(neng)(neng)堅強電(dian)網(wang)(wang)的規(gui)劃試點(dian)已經(jing)啟動,智能(neng)(neng)(neng)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)領域的研究和建設工作(zuo)也將為(wei)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)的發(fa)展(zhan)打下基(ji)礎,智能(neng)(neng)(neng)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)綜合輔助監控系(xi)統必(bi)將為(wei)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)無人值班發(fa)展(zhan)趨勢奠(dian)定(ding)基(ji)礎。
更多監控方面的資訊可點擊“重慶監控”進行詳(xiang)細了解。
- 安裝監控攝像頭還需求其他什么設備呢?2021/2/3 1
- 監控攝像頭有哪些分類2021/1/26
- 網線和監控線一樣嗎2020/12/8
- 監控攝像頭哪個牌子好?2020/11/13
- 監控攝像頭多少錢一個2020/10/26
- 隨處可見的監控攝像2020/9/2 1
- 監控攝像頭的區別分類2020/9/2 1
- 安裝監控要求有哪些2020/8/24
- 樓宇小區等安保系統如何組成2020/8/24
- 攝像頭安裝環境應該怎么選2020/8/13
- 安防監控系統使用注意事項2020/8/13
- 對監控系統故障的解決方法?2020/7/23
- 重慶購買網絡攝像機需要注意什么?2020/7/23
- 監控安防系統常見問題及解決方法2020/7/15
- 智能小區安防防盜報警常見問題有哪些2020/7/15
- 白光攝像機和紅外攝像機的區別講解2020/7/3 9
- 影響網絡監控攝像機帶寬的因素有哪些?2020/7/2 1
- 視頻監控系統使用前注意事項和維護保養2020/7/1 1
- 民用監控攝像機有哪些種類?2020/7/1 1
- 如何提高監控攝像機防破壞能力?2020/6/30